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编者按：
Karmapa khyeno
噶玛巴千诺！
这些来自十七世大宝法王的教授，已经经过了编辑。通常此类教授都是由贡帕拉（Gompo-la）翻译，但是6月15日的教授是由罗贡卓拉（Ngodrup-la）翻译的。我已经对他们的话作出了结构上的调整，并稍加润饰使其语法更通顺，更具可读性。这些教授并不可用作复制或出售，仅为那些英语不流利者，希望能够再一次阅读这些文字，从而更深入了解法王的教法而提供参考。
These teachings from His Holiness the 17th Karmapa have been edited. Generally these teachings have been translated by Gompo-la but the teaching of the 15th June were translated by Ngodrup-la. I have taken the framework of their words and polished them a little for the sake of grammar and fluidity of meaning and readability. They are not to be copied or sold but are only for your personal reference for those who you do not speak English fluently and need to re-read the words so they may them ponder more deeply.
感谢文却洛与却吉提供前两段教授的笔记，同时感谢索维将她珍贵的电脑借给我来使用。如果出现任何错漏，都是愚痴的比丘尼强帕的过失，敬请原谅！
Thanks to Ven Chodrup and Chokyi for the the notes from the first two lectures and Solveig for lending me her precious computer. All of the mistakes are the fault of the bumbling Bhiksuni called Jampa Chodron, so please forgive me.
愿来自尊贵的法王的每一字一句都将启发与指引我们！
May these words from His Holiness inspire and enlighten us all.
佛法教授 之一
2005年5月21日星期六
于印度达兰萨拉上密院
Dharma Lecture I
Saturday 21st May, 2005.
Gyuto Ramoche Monastery, Sidhbari, Dharamsala. India.
缘起：尊贵的法王在今天传授了观音六字大名咒的口传及仪轨。
Firstly due to His great compassion he gave the oral transmission of the Chenrezig mantra and sadhana.
了解接受与传授修持观音法门口传的原因和目的，是非常重要的。很明显，人类与其它众生相比，被赐予了更多的才能，因此人身是非常弥足珍贵的。我们都拥有为自己带来快乐和幸福的潜质，当然我们也能够继而为其他众生带来快乐，但这需要具备众多的善缘。但总的来说，我们总是忙于处理诸多事务。无论如何，一个众生都不太可能为了他人的生命而设定自己的目标。每一个众生都有着他们自己的责任与任务。我们生命的意义就在于找寻快乐，每一个生命皆是如此。我们是如何得出这个结论的呢？很明显是跟据我们的态度，我们的思维方式和我们的欲求的方式而得知的。与每个众生的不同本性无关，每一个人都有着共同的态度与渴望，那就是寻找快乐，去除痛苦。得到快乐、去除痛苦其实是每一个众生共同的愿望，但人类却有着特殊的离苦得乐的潜能，而且与其它众生相比，人类对离苦得乐有着经久不衰的决心。假如我们能够了解生命的本质就是寻获快乐，那么我们就会有一个更好的角度去认知我们的生命是否具有意义。生命可能会因为你的上师或善知识的指引而变得有意义，又或者仅仅因为你改变了你的思想，你就可以使生命从此具有意义。
It is very important to understand the reason and objective for receiving and giving the transmission of the practice of Chenrezig. It is evident that all human beings are gifted with aptitude in comparison to other beings and that this human life form is very precious. We all have the potential to work for the happiness for ourself and also for others but for the later, we must have all the favourable conditions as well. In general, we are always very busy running after everything. However, it is not possible for an individual to set objectives for another person’s life. Each individual has their own responsibility and duty. The meaning of our life is to look for happiness. This is relevant to all of life. How we come to this conclusion, that the meaning of life is to find happiness, is evident from our attitude, the way we think and the way we aspire. Irrespective of the different natures of individuals, every human being has one common attitude and aspiration, and that is to find happiness and overcome suffering. The wish to find happiness and to overcome suffering is common to all beings but human beings have a special potential to overcome suffering and to meet with happiness. They also have a long-standing determination for meeting with happiness compared to other beings. If we understand that the essence of our life is to find happiness, then we are in a better position to know if our life is meaningful or not. Life may become meaningful through the guidance of your teachers, parents or through your own individual thinking.
首先，生命中的内在渴望就是寻找快乐，了解到这一点是非常重要的。如果你的态度与寻求快乐相违背，那么生命将会变得毫无意义。另一方面，为了使生命有意义，**重要的就是造作那些能够带来快乐的善业。为了得到快乐，我们要寻找正面的、积极的善因，例如非暴力或是能为心灵带来平安喜乐的善因。相反地，如果造作了不善业，则将会使我们寻找快乐、成就具义人生的希望落空。在我们的生命中，我们所指的潜质就是：仁爱、慈悲和非暴力。为了在我们内心种�**拾氪缺闹肿樱苤匾囊坏闶且私獾剑喝拾氪缺姆疵婕词欠衬杖疚邸Ｕ庑┓衬杖疚刍嶙柚刮颐欠⒄谷拾氪缺Ｓ肴拾痛缺喾吹那樾骶褪翘啊⑧痢⒊铡Ｋ档洁梁扌模蚁牒痛蠹曳窒砦宜赖囊恍┦虑椋揖醯萌绻朐黾游业恼飧鼋淌诘男Ч幕埃补适禄岜冉嫌杏茫残碚庋芄皇怪氐愀忧逦�
Primarily, it is important to understand that the inner aspiration of our life is to find happiness. If your attitudes are opposed to finding happiness then life will be meaningless. On the other hand, to make life meaningful, it is important to engage in activities that will produce happiness. In order to find happiness, we must look for positive causes like non-violence or causes that are peaceful and appealing to one’s mind. If instead we engage in impure causes then this will empty our aspiration to find happiness and make life meaningful. In our life, the positive qualities we are talking about are loving kindness, compassion and non-violence. In order to cultivate love and compassion within ourselves, it is important to understand that the opposite to love and compassion are the emotional defilements. These prevent us from developing love and compassion. The opposites to the emotions of love and compassion are desire, hatred and ignorance. Here, related to hatred, I have a few things to share with you. I feel that it might be of some help if I try to highlight the talk through a story. This might bring the point across more clearly.
从前有一位伟大的印度诗人名字叫做蚁垤，他用梵文写了世界知名的著作《罗摩衍那》，这一经典被视为印度人的圣经，它涵括了印度文化与社会等方面的所有内容。但是，要知道，其实这位世界知名的诗人并不是一个十分具有品德的人，早年他曾经是一位专门抢劫朝圣者和旅行者的强盗，有时候他甚至会杀死这些人们。
Once there was a great Indian poet named Valmiki who composed the world famous Ramayana in Sanskrit. This classic is considered to be the bible of Hindus. It contains the total idea ology of Hindu culture, society etc. However, it is to be understood that this world famous poet did not have much of a personality. In his early life, he was a bandit who robbed from pilgrims and travellers. Sometimes he even murdered these people.
有一次，整整一个星期蚁垤都没有找到任何“猎物”，这时候来了一位瑜伽士，蚁垤非常希望能够在这位瑜伽士身上得到一些钱或者食物，然而这位瑜伽士身上却一无所有。蚁垤因此非常愤怒，他对瑜伽士说：“我不会放你走的，在这个森林里有一个吸血魔鬼，如果我把你的血供奉给他，他一定会同意让我变得富有的”瑜伽士看到自己即将要死了，却没有丝毫的惊慌和恐惧，他回答道：“好吧，假如我的死可以令你快乐，那么我的生命则是有意义的。但是你的所作所为却是有罪的，你是否察觉到你已经使你的一生负罪？”
One time, for a whole week, he could not find any victims but then along came a yogi. Valmiki was very hopeful of getting some money or food but this yogi had nothing on him. He became totally enraged and said to the yogi, ’I’m not letting you go off. In this forest there is a blood thirsty demon, if I offer him your blood to him then he will grant me the blessing to become rich.’ The yogi saw that he was about to die but was not disturbed and having no fear he answered, ‘Okay, if my death makes you happy then my life is meaningful but the acts that you are engaging in are incorrect and sinful. Do you realize that you have sinned all your life?’
蚁垤回答道：“是的，我知道这一切的果报将是接踵而来的痛苦。”
Valmiki answered, ‘Yes, I know the fruits of these deeds are suffering to come.’
瑜伽士接着问道：“当你知道这些行为是罪恶的，而且只会带来苦果，为什么你还要这样做呢？”
Then the yogi asked, ‘When you know these deeds are sinful and the fruit is suffering, why do you still engage in these acts?’
蚁垤回答：“我之所以这样是为了赡养我的家庭。”
He replied, ‘I am engaged in these acts in order to feed my family.’
两人为此经过了一番长时间的讨论，最后瑜伽士说：“如果你对你的家人如此的执着，为什么不去做一些别的事情而要去抢劫****呢？”
They had a long discussion and then the yogi said, ‘If you are so attached to your family then why not engage in some other acts rather than robbing and killing?’
蚁垤接着说：“我工作并不努力，而且不懂做其他的事了，我会的只有抢劫和****，我也知道这是一项危险的工作，但有时候我还真能因此发一笔财呢。”
Valmiki then said, ‘I am not hard working and can’t do anything else. I only know how to rob and kill. I know this job is very dangerous but sometimes I get rich as a result.’
然后瑜伽士又问了另一个问题：“你的家人知道你谋的是一种什么营生吗？”
Then the yogi asked another question, ‘Does your family know what kind of livelihood you are engaged in?’
蚁垤说：“是的他们知道，而且他们对我所做的感到高兴。”
He said, ‘Yes and they are happy about my work.’
“那么在这种情况下”瑜伽士说道：“你的每一个家庭成员都要承担这些罪业。”
‘In that case then,’ said the yogi, ‘all the members of your family share in these sinful deeds.’
蚁垤反驳道：“你这是什么意思？”
He retorted, ‘What do you mean?’
瑜伽士继续解释道：“你知道你所做的事是不正确而且是罪恶的，而你的家庭成员也都悉知，但他们是否知道他们也需要承担这些罪过呢？你有没有问过你的家人这个问题？”
The yogi then elaborated, ‘You know that your deeds are not correct and sinful and since your family members also know but do they know that they share in your sinful deeds? Have you asked your family about this?’
蚁垤回答说没有，所以瑜伽士就让他回家问一下他的家人，是否愿意一起承担这些罪业。蚁垤却认为这个瑜伽士不过是想要耍小聪明然后逃走而已。瑜伽士告诉他：“你错了，如果你对我有怀疑你可以把我绑在一棵树上，回家向你的家人提出这个问题后，再带着答案回来。”
Valmiki answered by saying ‘no’ and so the yogi asked him to go home and ask his family if they want to share in these sinful deeds. He thought that the yogi was just trying to be smart and get away. So the yogi told him he was wrong and that if he was in doubt then he should tie him up on a tree, go home and ask the question to his family then come back with the answer.
蚁垤真的这样做了。他回到家先问了他的母亲，母亲回答道：“我把你生了下来，又把你养大****，这些是我的责任。而现在你有责任照顾你的家庭，如果你造了恶业这也是你的责任，但是我可不愿意分担这些恶业。”
Valmiki did this. He went home and asked his mother first. She answered by saying, ‘I gave birth to you and brought you up. This was my responsibility. Now your responsibility is to look after your family. If you engage in sinful deeds then that is your responsibility but I want no share in this.’
然后蚁垤问了他的父亲和兄弟，但他得到的是同样的答案。当他来到他的妻子面前问到：“你是我的妻子，你愿意分担一部分我所造作的业份吗？你愿意为我造下的罪孽承担一部份后果吗？”
Then he asked his father and his brother but he got the same reply. When he went to his wife he said, ‘You are my wife, do you want to be a part of the deeds I engage in and the consequences of these sins that I have committed?’
他的妻子回答道：“我和你在一起经历了高低起伏、欢乐和痛苦，但说到犯下的恶业，我可不愿意分担，那是你自己的事儿。”
His wife answered by saying, ‘I have stayed with you through ups and downs, happiness and suffering, but in committing sinful deeds, I want no part in it. That is your responsibility.’
蚁垤看着他的孩子们，但他们都太小回答不了这个问题。所以他又回到了瑜伽士的身边。这是蚁垤生命中的转折点，从此他成为了这位伟大的瑜伽士的学生。
He then looked to his children but they were too small to answer, so he went back to the yogi. This was the turning point of his life and he became a student of the great yogi.
这里要说的重点是，嗔恨往往会被认为是被外在客观的人或事物而激起的。但无论如何，我们要了解和认识到，我们自身同样是带来嗔恨心的诱因。如果我们可以从自身的角度看待这个事实，我们就不会将所有责任都推卸到别人身上，而能够生发出宽恕的态度，这就是真实断除嗔恨心的方法。举例来说，如果你对着镜子摆出一副难看的脸，你会看到同样的一幅难看的脸对着你，但如果你做出快乐的表情，镜子里就会出现一个同样快乐的表情。
The point here is that hatred is generally believed to be something that is ignited from external objects or beings. However, it must be understood and realised that we also play a part in causing a hateful situation. If we are in a position to internalise this fact then we won’t place all the blame on others and we can develop a forgiving attitude. This is a substantial step towards cutting through hatred. If you look in a mirror with a green face, for example, then you will see that same green face reflected back at you but if you have a pleasant face then there will be a similar pleasing reflection.
**关键的是，我们要认识到自身的错误，并宽恕别人的过失，这会为你的人生带来积极的态度与正面的情绪，也同样会为别人带来积极的影响，即使他们的确犯了错误。如果你能够培养宽恕的胸怀，这些功德将会帮助你战胜痛苦，并对一切众生升起仁爱的态度。
The point here is to realize your own fault and develop forgiveness for the faults of others. This will bring a positive attitude and emotions in your life and it will also have a positive impact on others, even if the other person is at fault. If you develop space to forgive then this quality will help you overcome suffering and develop a loving attitude to all.
编后记：这篇开示是一位在印度长年学习佛法的阿尼提供给本站的英文笔记，由【噶玛噶举中国论坛：www.karmapa-chinabbs.com】翻译、整理、校对，供养大家参阅，愿来自尊贵法王的每一字一句都将启发与指引我们。
英文笔记提供：阿尼强帕 中文翻译：噶玛噶举中国论坛翻译组Dorophy101
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